Compilation Report Essay

We have compiled the accompanying balance sheet of Proli Footwear, Inc. as of December 31, 2014, and the related statements of income and retained earnings and cash flows for the year then ended. We have not audited or reviewed the accompanying financial statements and, accordingly, do not express an opinion or provide any assurance about whether the financial statements are in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Management is responsible for the preparation and fair presentation of the financial statements in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America and for designing, implementing, and maintaining internal control relevant to the preparation and fair presentation of the financial statements. Our responsibility is to conduct the compilation in accordance with Statements on Standards for Accounting and Review Services issued by the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants. The objective of a compilation is to assist management in presenting financial information in the form of financial statements without undertaking to obtain or provide any assurance that there are no material modifications that should be made to the financial statements. Management has elected to omit substantially all of the disclosures and the statements of cash flows required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. If the omitted disclosures and the statements of cash flows were included in the financial statements, they might influence the user’s conclusions about the Company’s financial position, results of operations, and cash flows. Accordingly, these financial statements are not designed for those who are not informed about such matters.

Restoration Essay

The creation of man and woman will always stem from the passage in Genesis, where it all narrates how man came into being with the guidance of woman as well. We are familiar with the story of Adam and Eve, something that will forever be our reference when we are asked how many came to be. God is often referred to as the image and likeness of man. But now, we all ask, what was the hand of woman in this essence and to whom was she likened to? Basically, the answer to this is also God himself. We may all ask how this would be, but the facts are simple. God still guides us to this day, and He can also take the form of a mother as well, guiding us and nurturing our every need. Most of us look up to God for support and ask him for guidance and help, but it has never really occurred to us that He is still the one we turn to in hard times. We say God is good and always there for us, the same way that we consider mothers to turn to in times of needs and moral support. Technically speaking, we are born under his wing, and to this day, all we have to do is just recall how man came to be and from there, figure out the same proceedings when we or how people are given life and born in the world today. II.Compare My Wife to the image of God There is no question that God can be likened to my wife. Always there during hard times and helps bring joy by bearing children for our own family nothing would be possible without having her for my partner. Guiding me as well in both bad and good times, my wife is there for me in whatever the case may be. God is always there for us at all times. We just pray and make sure that He hears us through our prayers. Our partners represent him, acting as co-decision makers to be able to go through the challenges of life, rather than going through them alone. My wife guides our off-springs as well, teaching them the beauties of life and what to expect from the world. III.Compare My Mother to the image of God No one else comes close to becoming a good guardian other than my mother. Without her, I would not even be existing today. She has helped in molding me into what I am today, a success in every way. Her teachings have made me wiser and take on the everyday tasks in the more rational way known today. IV. Compare My Sister to The image of God My sister is currently pregnant, and the proper care for her stature is a must. Expected to bear a child after a few months, this is testimony toward the beauty that life gives in the maternal aspect. Women are the usual bearers of children, creating them with their partners. The beauty and the product of the love of two people would bear fruit in the form of a child. God made man because he loved them and wanted them to carry out His will and make the world a better place not only for man but for everyone. IV. What can you do in nursing to promote and restore God’s image to mother’s that you may encounter in the future. In nursing, the proper care given towards patients and needy people is all that matters. Providing the quality level of care in the health and medical aspect is already a consoling factor in its sense, since it is still life that is being cared for. Trying to comfort them and be of assistance, nursing is no doubt about caring and nurturing people in need of attention and pain. Understanding the whole scenario of why nursing is important today can be attributed to the fact that there are people in the world who are in need of medical assistance. God helps us in mind and mysterious ways, and this is something that attention plays as far as nurses are concerned. Aside from doing the necessary duties to ensure the overall comfort that patients around the world require, lending that helping hand towards the needy people of today is already a large step in the direction of how God wants man to live in this world. Like what most people do, diseases, health issues and sicknesses are abounding in the world today. Trying to help the people plagues in such situations is something that nurses can do well to accommodate and provide service to.

Organisational Performance and Customer Satisfaction Equation.

As the Chief Executive Officer of Sierra Lighthouse Hotel Freetown, I’ve been provided with an Organisational Performance and Customer Satisfaction equation: Consumer Expected Quality – Organisational Actual Quality = Customer Perceived Quality EQ > AQ => Dissatisfaction EQ = AQ => Mere Satisfaction AQ > EQ => Delighted Customer An Organization Performance includes multiple activities, that help in establishing the goals of the organization, and monitor the progress towards the target. It is used to make adjustments to accomplish goals more efficiently and effectively. Organization Performance is what business executives and owners are usually frustrated about. This is so because, even though the employees of the company are hard-working, and are busy doing their tasks, their companies are unable to achieve the planned results. Results are achieved more due to unexpected events and good fortune rather than the efforts made by the employees. Customer satisfaction, a business term, is a measure of how products and services supplied by a company meet or surpass customer expectation. It is seen as a key performance indicator within business and is part of the four of a Balanced Scorecard. The balanced scorecard (BSC) is a strategic performance management tool – a semi-standard structured report supported by proven design methods and automation tools that can be used by managers to keep track of the execution of activities by staff within their control and monitor the consequences arising from these actions. In a competitive marketplace where businesses compete for customers, customer satisfaction is seen as a key differentiator and increasingly has become a key element of business strategy. Organizations need to retain existing customers while targeting non-customers. Measuring customer satisfaction provides an indication of how successful the organization is at providing products and/or services to the marketplace. Customer satisfaction is an abstract concept and the actual manifestation of the state of satisfaction will vary from person to person and product/service to product/service. The state of satisfaction depends on a number of both psychological and physical variables which correlate with satisfaction behaviors such as return and recommend rate. The level of satisfaction can also vary depending on other factors the customer, such as other products against which the customer can compare the organization's products. Consumer Expected Quality – Organisational Actual Quality = Customer Perceived Quality Analyzing the equation showing how it could lead to all the possible customer perception outcomes: EQ ; AQ =; Dissatisfaction EQ = AQ =; Mere Satisfaction AQ ; EQ =; Delighted Customer The above figure provides a view of the process in which customers needs and expectations are translated into output during the design, production and delivery process. True consumer needs and expectations are called Expected Quality ( EQ ). EQ is what the customer assumes will be received from the product. The producer identifies these needs and expectations and translates them into specification for products and services. Actual Quality ( AQ ) is the outcome of the production process and what is delivered to the customer. AQ may differ considerably from EQ. This difference happens when information gets lost or misinterpreted from one step to the next. Perceived Quality ( PQ ) is the customer's perception of the overall quality or superiority of a product or service with respect to its intended purpose, relative to alternatives. The quality of the product may considerably differ form what the customer actual receives. Because PQ derives customer behavior, this area is where producers should really concentrate. Any difference between the EQ and AQ can cause either a delighted customer ( AQ > EQ ) or dissatisfied customer ( EQ> AQ ), but when EQ = AQ results in merely satisfied customer. EQ > AQ = Dissatisfaction This is were in the actual quality of a product or service is greater than what the customer expected I. e. the expected quality. Example, a person may have heard only good things about the food at Sierra Lighthouse restaurant and decides to eat there. The food is expensive since it’s a five star hotel. Upon arrival he orders a dish and instead of being served within 20 minutes like it’s suppose to be the dish comes after 45 minutes. The customer tastes the food and it’s tasteless, the customer would be dissatisfied and would never visit Sierra Lighthouse. The customer would also tell his friends and family about his/her bad experience and they too would never visit Sierra Lighthouse. EQ = AQ = Mere satisfaction This is were in the what a customer expects ( EQ ) is exactly what the customer gets ( AQ ). Example, a person is used to eating grilled shrimps at Kimbima’s Restaurant then a friend comes along and offer to take him/her to Sierra Lighthouse for Dinner. The customer orders grilled shrimps at the Sierra Lighthouse and when customer taste the food it’s tastes the same as Kimbima’s. The customer would have a mere satisfaction because that’s the taste he/she has been used to already. All the customer would have is another place to eat his/her favourite dish in case Kimbima runs out of shrimps. AQ > EQ = Delighted Customer This is were in what a customer gets from a product or service ( AQ ) is more than what the customer expected ( EQ ). Example, a person is used to eating Pizza at King David’s restaurant and one day a friend tells him the pizza at Sierra Lighthouse is better. The person decides to visit Sierra Lighthouse with already high perception of the pizza prepared there. The customer orders a large pizza and was told that by ordering a large pizza he/she gets 1 small pizza free. When the pizza arrived and the customer tasted it, it was more delicious than he/she imagined. The customer was delighted because he/she not only at a very delicious pizza but he had an extra one to go home. As the CEO of Sierra Lighthouse Hotel I would like to show in details how I can create dissatisfaction, mere satisfaction and Delight in my customers using my hotel. A Japanese professor Noriaki Kano, suggests three classes of customer requirements: Dissatisfiers Satisfiers Exciters/Delighters Dissatisfiers- These are linked to customer dissatisfaction. These are requirements that are expected by customers in a product or service which are generally not stated by a customer but assumed to be there. If these features are not present the customer would be dissatisfied. Example, a customer takes a room at Sierra Lighthouse hotel for a week, he/she knows that it is a five star hotel and it should have certain standards. Five star hotels most have a hair drier, hot water, air condition, towels ( both bath and hand towels ), 24 hour electricity, internet connection and cable TV. The customer who is a woman after unpacking and going for a shower and washing her hair realizes there is no hair drier. The customer would be dissatisfied because it is a most for a five star hotel to have a hair drier in their bathrooms. Satisfiers- These are linked to mere customer satisfaction. These are requirements that customers say they want. Although these requirements are generally not expected fulfilling them creates satisfaction. Example, a customer calls and books a room at Sierra Lighthouse and tell us if possible he/she would like a room with a bath tub and a balcony with sea view if possible. When the customer is show his/her room it’s exactly what he/she asked for, the customer would be merely satisfied because he/she know that my hotel would always meet customer wants. Exciters/Delighters- These are linked to delighted customer. These are requirements that a customer doesn’t ask for or expect. These requirements are generally not asked for or expected but are offer to create delight. Example, a customer calls from over seas and books a room with Sierra Lighthouse hotel and gives us the date and time of his arrival. The hotel sends a car to the airport to pick up the customer, the customer would be delighted. This is because he/she didn’t ask or expected to be picked up but was delighted to see that the hotel offered an extra service. The effects of the three possible performance outcomes on the profitability or other wise of the organisation: Dissatisfaction When a customer’s expectation about a product or service is greater than the actual quality of the product or service, the customer will be dissatisfied. When a customer is not satisfied he/she would simple stop requiring the product or service I. . stop buying them. When a customer stops buying a product or service that mean the organisation looses that customer because the customer would go and look for a better replacement. If customers of an organisation are not satisfied with the product or service that, that organisation produces, then the organisation is not only loosing it customers but also looses it money. An unsatis fied customer is a customer who’d give bad publicity to the business, and as long as the word is out the business would start losing money because there would be no customers to buy their products or services. Dissatisfaction has a negative impact on the profitability of the organisation, which would eventually turn into loses and the collapse of the business. Mere Satisfaction When a customer is merely satisfied, it means that customer expectation is equal to the actual quality of the product or service. Merely satisfied customers are not enough for an organisation to become very profitable, instead the organisation maybe on the edge of collapsing. Customers may patronize the organisation out of loyalty, but for most customers, they’d be looking for somewhere to get extra value for their money’s worth. An organisation which offers products or services that merely satisfy it customer wouldn’t be very profitable. Either the organisation works on their quality to get delighted customers or shut down for good because in the long run the organisation would collapse. It will collapse because at the end of the day all the customers would leave to look for an organisation that will offer them better products or services. Delighted customer When a customer is delighted, it means that the actual quality of the product or services exceeds the customers expectation. A delighted customer has little incentive to even consider other brands. On the contrary, by changing brands they risk loosing some of their current delight. The organisation which delights it customers would become very profitable and have a great publicity. Old customer will keep on buying from that organisation and bringing new customer to the organisation.

Lab Report - Blood Flow and Vascular Function Article

Lab Report - Blood Flow and Vascular Function - Article Example It is the sympathetic nervous system which sends out signals to arteries instructing the smooth muscle, arterial wall to contract and relax. Veins are the other type of major blood vessel and are responsible for carrying blood towards and into the heart, in order to become oxygenated. Veins operate under lower pressure than arteries and do not possess the same elasticity that arteries do. Veins transport unoxygenated blood as opposed to arteries which carry oxygenated blood. Veins, like arteries, have lumens, but they are comparably wider than the lumens of arteries. Veins are composed of venules, which are tiny blood vessels that pull blood from capillaries into the actual vein. Veins are actually composed of three tissue layers but are less elastic than the walls of arteries. The regulation of blood flow during exercise is governed by the demands of the muscle tissue being used. Certainly, when an individual is exercising, the heart rate increasing as a response to the body’s immediate need for larger amounts of oxygenated blood. The body’s blood flow rate can increase during exercise by as much as 20 times more than what it is at rest. During periods of exercise, all of the body’s capillaries are opened and in use versus the mere  ¼ of the body’s capillaries which are used at rest. During periods of exercise, the body experiences what is called low oxygen tension. This is a result of the use of multiple muscular groups during periods of heavy activity. In addition, vasodilators are released as the demand for oxygenated blood throughout the body increases, â€Å"Low oxygen tensions resulting from greatly increased muscular activity or the release of vasodilator substances such as lactic acid, carbon dioxide, and potassium ions causes dilation of precapillary sphincters. Increased sympathetic stimulation and epinephrine released from the adrenal medulla cause some vasoconstriction in the

Critique of a research article Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Critique of a research article - Essay Example It also examines and explores the aspect of the type of criminal activities, and its impact on their employment possibilities by investigating the topic from the employer’s perspective. They have also successfully provided all the supportive evidences in the form of statistical records, based on the behavior of a given set of employers in relation to recruitment of ex-convicts on the basis of the nature and type of the crimes for which they were convicted. However, the article also mentions the lack of awareness on the part of the employers, about the existence of the â€Å"ROA, 1974†, and its significance, along with the remedies available to them to eliminate such ignorance on the part of the employers. The Act, seeks to rehabilitate ex-offenders by providing them with better employment opportunities. It is an initiative on the part of the government to help the offenders and ex-convicts resettle in the society by enabling them to â€Å"wipe the slate clean† of their criminal record. This is true in case of those convicts who have already served their sentence and have not been reconvicted for any other offence subsequent to their acquittal, thus treating their conviction as â€Å"spent† for the purpose of employment. (ROA, 1974). Thus they have pointed out the cause and effect of the topic under consideration and also provided a host of solutions available at their disposal, ensuring the completeness of the research article. The authors have also thoroughly examined the fact that, a majority of the employers displayed increased resistance while recruiting people with a criminal record, with a significant part of them, showing keen interest in researching the backgrounds of their prospective employees. All in all, the article is a well-researched and well-supported with relevant evidences and the inclusion of statistical data for supporting the arguments put

Modern Art as Viewed by T.J. Clark Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Modern Art as Viewed by T.J. Clark - Essay Example The essay "Modern Art as Viewed by T.J. Clark" provides the view on modern art by T.J. Clark. Paris is said to be the birthplace of habits of leisure, consumption and commerce that are now named as â€Å"modern life†-- explicitly captured in paintings, sculpture and architecture which are collectively called the â€Å"modern art.† Modern art is a term which is usually associated with forms of art that were done in the spirit of experimentation and in which the traditions and practices of the past have been disregarded. These arts are representations of rejection of the established academic tradition in favor of more naturalistic representation of the world. Pioneers of this kind of art were called Romantics, Realists and Impressionists; by the late 19th century, additional movements called Post-Impressionism and Symbolism also emerged. Connected with the concepts of modernity and modern art is a Marxist art historian named Timothy J. Clark. A native of Bristol, England, Clark received his education at Bristol Grammar School, Cambridge University and at the Courtauld Institute of Art at the University of London. His work experiences include his stint as a lecturer at Essex University from 1967-1969; as a senior lecturer at the Camberwell School of Art from 1970-1974; as a visiting professor and subsequently as an associate professor at the University of California; as chair of the Fine Arts Department of Leeds University in 1976; and as a member of the School of Fine Arts faculty at Harvard University. where he encountered quite a number of his detractors who were among the traditional and connoisseurship-based faculty. (T.J. Clark) Currently, he holds the George C. and Helen N. Pardee Chair as Professor of Modern Art at the University of California. (U.C. Berkeley History of Art 2005) Going back to the concept of modern art, this was discussed by T. J. Clark in reference to Paris in his book entitled The Painting of Modern Life: Paris in the Art of Manet and His Followers. In this book, Clark questioned those who view Impressionism only in terms of artistic technique, and likewise describes the works of Manet, Degas, Seurat and others as an attempt to give form to the "modern life" by focusing on its typical representatives, which are basically the various "modern city" workers. (Clark, T.J.: The Painting of Modern Life: Paris in the Art of Manet and His Followers 2008) Concomitantly, Clark views Paris as the birthplace of the "modern art", where changes therein went beyond the cultural and ideological refurbishing to the more encompassing economic transformation. (T.J. Clark: Manet in situ 1986) Samples of the specific arguments and discussion that could be found in the book are the following: 1.) Manet's Olympia caused scandal at the 1865 Salon because the painting disobeyed the "rules of the nude." Furthermore, in addition to the nude body on bed, the woman's hand is considered to be a detail, which the critics wrongly focused on; 2.) Manet's disregard of the so-called "good modeling" and the abruptness which characterized his lights and darks can be seen in the Olympia. Such aspects have been criticized by some writers in 1865, describing such as "circled in black", "drawn in charcoal", and "stripes of blacking"; and 3.) certain paintings suggested the fact that classes coexisted, but never touched. (Clark 1985) As seen in the title of the book, Manet's art is given emphasis in reference to the

Economical changes during 2008-09 financial crisis Essay

Economical changes during 2008-09 financial crisis - Essay Example to analyze the evolvement of the current financial crisis, its effects on the economy of United States as well as its financial market, some of the problems the United States may face in the future and also to discuss some of the short term and long term solutions. According to Taylor (2008) financial crisis is the result of monetary or any other form of excesses, which leads to a boom and results in a bust. It can also occur when financial institutions or assets lose its value (Kindleberger and Aliber (2005). It is also characterised by the reduction in flow of credit to the businesses and households (Jickling, 2008). During the period from 2000 to 2007 the monetary policy by the Federal Reserve was highly flexible and easy to follow. Loans and mortgages were easily available even when there was no evident means to repay it. The Federal Reserve lowered the interest rate compared to those prevalent at the time before crisis. They even explained that the lowering of the interest period would be only for a short period of time and that after that time the interest rate would be restored to normal by slowly increasing it at a fixed rate. Thus it is quite evident that the lowering of the interest rate, which resulted in monetary excess, was actual ly a wrong decision by the Federal Reserve. The reason they gave for such an action was to avoid the occurrence of a deflation that occurred in Japan in 1990’s (Taylor, 2008). Sub prime mortgages were designed actually to make each and every citizen of US, a homeowner. These mortgages were given to those people who were having a very high-risk profile and were on variable interest rates. Most of the banks did this based on the assumption that housing price would continue to rise. This nature of these mortgages resulted in foreclosure of loans when the house prices began to fall. The fall of price of houses resulted in loss of asset value of most of the banks. The housing boom and bust that followed not only affected the

Class Research methods Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Class Research methods - Essay Example Bullying in early life is often the beginning of bullying in the future adult social life, and once it begins, the bully and victim, both are never the same. Bullying is a problem in our schools and hence in the society. Despite extensive research, no acceptable solution to the problem of bullying is not yet available. The consequences of bullying have been well documented in the research, and these findings suggest that bullying as an event has concrete psychosocial parameters. Therefore, intervention can be designed guided by these evidences to change this practice of bullying in schools from a social intervention strategy. Greif, Furlong, and Morrison (2003) define bullying as the systematic abuse of power. Greif and coworkers deals with the topic by operationally defining bullying, and according to them, there will always be power relationships in social groups, by virtue of strength or size or ability, force of personality, and/or by sheer numbers or recognised hierarchy (Greif, Furlong, and Morrison, 2003). Bullying is a psychosocial phenomenon in the sense that it has both psychological and social reasons and psychological and social impacts. Despite different intervention measures, still bullying in early life is prevalent which can be the starting points of future bullying in the society. Therefore, there remains scope for further studies in this area, and this can be the topic of this social research since knowledge about the factors may help the scientists to design interventions that may prevent this. Why it is worth Studying Qualitative researchers usually focus on an aspect of a topic that is poorly understood and about which little is known. The general topic area may be narrowed and clarified on the basis of self-reflection and discussion with colleagues, but researchers may proceed with a fairly broad research question that allows the focus to be sharpened and delineated more clearly once the study is underway (Kumar, 1999). Since the best way to prevent is to know why bullying occurs at the school level, this research may throw light into the different facets of this problem. In this regard, a theoretical framework of social change would best be adopted, since that would guide the intervention and would serve as a tool to evaluate the intervention. In this theoretical framework, there is an attempt to interpret the human behavior on the perspectives of social process and pragmatism. Thus all human behavior is actually an expression of interactions leading to a social process, and all of them have su bjective meanings. Bullying has subjective aspects of social life, both from the perspectives of the bully and the bullied, and they fail to respond to the objective macrostructural aspects of the social life. Drawing on this, it can be stated that social and psychosocial initiatives can bring about a change in the behavior of those who bully and change in psychological and social reactions in those who are bullied. Qualitative findings often are the basis for formulating hypotheses that are tested by quantitative researchers, and for developing measuring instruments for both research and clinical purposes. Qualitative findings can also provide a foundation for designing effective nursing interventions. Qualitative studies help to shape the researchers' perceptions of a

Learning Experience for Personal Trainer Certification Essay - 4

Learning Experience for Personal Trainer Certification - Essay Example etyl Glucosamine, N-Acetyl, L-Cysteine, Phosphatidyl, Choline Phosphatidyl Serine, Piperine, Policosanol, Resveratrol, RNA (Ribonucleic Acid), Rutin, SAMe, TMG (Trimethyl Glycine) Immunity Stimulating Blend: Aloe Vera, Polysaccharides, Beta 1,3-Glucan,Tea Polysaccharides, Herbal Extracts: Alfalfa Extract, Bacopa Extract, Bilberry Extract, Black Cumin Extract, Ginger Extract, Ginkgo Biloba Extract, Grape Seed Extract, Green Tea Extract, Myrrh Extract, Olive Leaf Extract, Pine Bark Extract, Silymarin (Milk Thistle) Extract, Turmeric Extract. Vitamins: Vitamin A (Palmitate/Beta Carotene), Vitamin B1 (Thiamine), Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin), Vitamin B3 (Niacinamide),Vitamin B5 (Pantothenic Acid), Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine HCL), Vitamin B12, Biotin, Folic Acid, Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid/Activated C), Vitamin D (Cholecalciferol), Vitamin E (d-a-tocopheryl Acetate), Vitamin K (Phytonadione). Macro and Micro Minerals: Calcium (Gluconate & Amino Acid Chelate), Chromium (Chloride), Copper (Sulfate), Magnesium (Aspertate), Manganese (Chloride), Potassium (Citrate), Selenium (Sodium Selenate), Silica (Horsetail (Equisetum Arvense) Extract), Zinc (Gluconate). While Xtend-life has several versions of its product to cater the different segments of market, second brand has positioned them for all-in-one as they claim to have all possible ingredient in their

Critically analyse the MTV event in the Reid Essay Example for Free

Critically analyse the MTV event in the Reid Essay This essay will analyse the MTV event in the Reid (2003) case study. And suggest how improvements to the organisation and management of this event could have been made. We will look at how the event was organized and with whom in mind. We will also look into how the management of the event was carried out and try to come up with improvements which both the MTV and Scotland might benefit from in future. All event have a direct social and cultural impact on their participants, and sometimes on their wider host communities, as outlined by Hall (1997) and Getz (2005). According to Sharron and Perry (2004) there are various attribute to special events, these characteristics are that they are unique, intangible, have a fixed time scale, and labour intensive among others. This characteristic is what makes an event into a special event. A special event recognises a unique moment in time with ceremony and ritual to satisfy specific needs, Goldblatt (2001). And in the case of MTV it was there 10th European Music award and they wanted to create an event which would mark a milestone and show its critics and competition that they are still the big boys and market leader when it comes to the music industry. MTV Networks operates a leading portfolio of cable TV channels; they also have music video networks MTV, VH1, and CMT. MTV Networks International oversees more than 120 channels worldwide and distributes content online, and produces video games through MTV Games. MTV decided to have their 10th European music award ceremony in Edinburgh. Allen, (2000) suggests that there are various type of event, for MTV this is/was a special event, as it’s for the music industry only and it recognises the music industries contribution, with access to public and media. MTV’s biggest stakeholders are its shareholders and its customers, of course there are others, and MTV need keeps an up to date with what its customers wants. MTV wanted a start stuck event where they will celebrate the 10th ceremony, create a lot of buzz and excitement and hope to gain new customers in the process. While Edinburgh and the Scottish government wanted to use MTV to reimage Scotland. And show the world what it has to offer, creating a feeling amongst viewers that it is a dynamic, vibrant, historical city. With the councils wish to make Edinburgh the most prosperous northern city by 2015. According to an article published in Event Magazine (2007), public events are increasingly being used around the world as promotional tools by cities, to increase the city’s image. Hughes (1999) suggests that public officials must market the city as a dynamic environment, as this will attract not only tourist but also new jobs and settlers to the region. According to a report by Ofcom (2006), the telecom regulator, 16 to 24-year-olds, a key demographic group for advertisers and MTV’s core audience. And this is one of the segment that Scottish official where hopping to target though their reimage campaign to show them, why they should come to Scotland/ Edinburgh. As well as lure other older age group at the same time, educate them about Scotland and its history. For a private sector company, such as MTV, the client defines the events budget, leaving the events planner/ organiser able to spend it how they choose and therefore do not have to justify what they do with the money. In the case of public sector, local government and tourist boards, it is not just the immediate benefits that are measured post event. It is also the long-term or â€Å"flow on effects† (Bowdin et al. 2006) that benefit the community as a whole. From an every early stage there were problems between, the two parties’ objectives, desire and goals which were very different. The goals of a public and private event differ in that private companies are more often than not in pursuit of profit (Andersson and Getz, 2008). In this case one wanted to put a spectacular show to celebrate and the other wanted to use the show to reimage its self. This is because; MTV is more likely to adopt a ‘consumer orientation’ whereas ELTB might have a ‘product orientation’ approach (Andersson and Getz, 2008: 849). The event was criticized from early on by critics and local newspaper, when it was found that MTV was given a ? 750 thousand public subsidiary to part fund for shows temporary structure and also for the simultaneous live concert. This caused some tension, and the local newspaper was very critical about this, specially when the money could have been spend on other things e. g. Scotsman journalist felt that the event did very little for the Leith’s poverty, prostitution etc. These doses not help when MTV’s parent company is Viacom and according to website www. answere. com Viacom made a profit of $369 million in 2003. So giving a ? 750 thousand pound to MTV is seen as a waste of money by some; however it might have been necessary to attract MTV to Scotland and also to persuade MTV to have a simultaneous concert at a different venue. What MTV could have done is either not taken any of the money or taken a proportionally small amount just for the concert at the Princes Street Garden. This would have prevented them from receiving the backlash from the press. Or found/ made the venue bigger and incorporate a larger audience to make it a huge spectacular. Further anger was expressed by resident and newspaper when it emerged that, the event was not a live concert with thousand of ticket available and rather was a television show, rising the expecting of the local wishing to be at the show. Moreover only 50 of 6000 ticket were being sold in Edinburgh and locals had to compete with other European to pick up one of the 2000 ticket which sold out within 20 minutes. Rest were allocated to event sponsors like Vodafone Live and American Express. This obviously was a weak point for both MTV and the local government who did not communicate well with each other and in turn was late to tell the residents. Creating a buzz and anticipation during the weeks ahead of the event which lead to disappointment, Sharron and Perry (2004) suggest that there are various possible motives for attending an event, in this case it would social motives its why resident of Edinburgh would want to go to the concert and was angry when they didn’t get the ticket. This social motive involves social interaction with others, creation of community spirit, status or recognition of achievement. They were surrounded by all the hype and excitement of this event and as a community wanted to embrace this event as it was first of its kind in Edinburgh, and specially for youth generation it would have been something exciting as they would have been able to see there stars who they normally see on television. In order to avoid this kind of isappointment, both ELTB and MTV need to communicate more effectively in future, and think about this issues when they are conducting there feasibility study before making the decision to carry out such event. This will not only save time and negative press but will let the anticipated residents/ consumes know what to except. The organizer solved the problem by having the concert which have good line-ups and also a 30 sec live feed at the actually award show. They also gave 750 tickets to local charity and used 1000 local youngsters for various tasks, (Mooney Halstead, 2003). As mentioned above that MTV was given a  £750 thousand pound subsidiary, but the local council spent a further ? 75 thousand in â€Å"hidden cost† which the newspaper and opposition council were angered about as it came from the council budget. Money which was spent to window shop the town before the event so that it looks presentable to the world and dose not effect the reimaging process. This cost include extra cleansing, policing, traffic management, staffing. Further  £30 thousand used to part finance banners in the city. Moreover,  £5 thousand was spend to clean up the city centre hotel fronts in preparation of the event which according of a conservative group should have been the responsible of the Hotel. According to Watt (1999) debate that place marketing requires a â€Å"pristine environment†. So as it was the objective of the local government at that time, they would have seen it as a useful and essential cost which needs to be carried out in order to give audience the message they wanted to project to its consumes, tourists. However, MTV could have also share the cost when it came to the policing, traffic management and staffing. As this would have shown locals and press that they care about customer’s safety and also its dose not want to burden the local government with the extra costs, and it already planned for such cost in their $4. 5 million budget which gave MTV the editorial control. Local government needed to communicate with the cities Hotels, restaurant and clubs to negotiate deals, where they all put some money in to a pot which would be use for the cleaning of the city and business fronts. Public sector bodies, (ELTB) tend to look at long-term objectives when it comes to planning their events, or as Mules (1998) states â€Å"the ‘spillover effects of events’. Mules goes on to say that even if the actual event makes a loss, it still may produce benefits for local industry’s such as transportation, restaurants, hotels and local caterers or suppliers. As by doing so not only the city was benefiting from the extra trade but also the business as people are more likely to go somewhere clean then dirty. Roche (2000) remarks that mega events often physically transform an area; here we had an attempt to symbolically reconnect Edinburgh with its waterfront to aid future business prospects. The problems which occurred during this event, was mainly due to the reluctances of councils project officers not standing their ground, and communicate and consult with MTV successfully. They were happy for MTV to decide what sort of content the show should be and comply with every request, as one put it, MTV knows what they are doing. This attitude cost them both money and marketing opportunities. ELTB had to pay for slots during the show for their advertisement and spent further  £5000 writing the publication editorial bearing their logos. Local councils wish to promote a new charity promoting Arts in the city was also scrapped during the event. Even when at one point MTV said they would help to promote the charity but later changed their mind. Nonetheless if ELTB was not, bit scared, at times they would probably use MTV more and without paying them. ELTB should have bargain more with MTV when it came to this issues, specially allowing them to use the screen at the award and the concert venues to promote their reimaging project and cheaper slots during the actual award show. Though MTV did not support the charity openly and needed discussion, they did however auction pop star memorabilia at the charity launch and provided donation from MTV UK, Reid (2003). Edinburgh Leith Tourist Board, received a ward from MTV for hosting the best show in the events 10 year’s. The city was also praised by A-list celebrity who attended the award and several international news agencies for hosting excellent award ceremony. This obviously shows that government project of reimaging the city worked and they are getting noticed, while MTV produced spectacular shows which help them achieve their objective. Therefore, creating an excellent and effective event which helped all those who took part in making it reach their objective, at the same time both parties learnt for future how to deal with different clients specially that they need to communicate more effectively and learn to negotiate and convey the message if possible to their customers from an early stage. This will ensure that future event will run smoothly and successfully.

Organismic Valuing Process

Organismic Valuing Process One of the most prominent concepts within psychoanalytic therapy is that of transference, as developed by Freud (1912), it is a process whereby the client unconsciously redirects their feelings and attitudes about a person in their past on to the therapist. Freud (1912) understood that these feelings can come in two forms either by the means of positive transferences, in which the therapist is seen in a very positive light or through negative transferences where hostile feelings are portrayed onto the therapist. Freud put much of his emphasis on positive transferences suggesting that it is this transference which is helpful in forming the basis for a useful working alliance, thus signifying that the therapist who is viewed in the most positive light has much more power to cure there client. (Falchi,2009) Freud viewed transference as a defence mechanism he called repetition compulsion, he believed that people will repeat past events or behaviour which was distressing in earlier life i n the here and now, this he believed was how transference is so critical to understanding the repetition compulsion. It is inevitable that developments within psychoanalytic theory have lead to alterations in the meaning and usage of the term transference. Melanie Klein (1952) diverged from Freud and introduced her own psychoanalytic technique, in which she enriched and expanded upon the concept of transference, postulating that the presence of transference within the therapy room was representative of the fears, feelings, and fantasies, associated with former experiences which are reconstructed for the present relationship. (Daniels 2003) Furthermore Klein (1952) proposed that these feelings and attitudes where not necessarily an accurate representation of previous relationships, but only the mixture of actual experiences and unconscious phantasys which the client holds in there inner world, which are constantly processed via projection, re-introjections, and re-projection. For example the father that the person views in there inner world may be very different from the actual father of there past. Transference is now viewed as a process which manifests itself in all relationships whether it be therapeutic, personal or professional, unresolved past issues are defended from reaching consciousness by the process of transference as these feelings are projected into current relationships. The process of transference has been criticised by those such as Jones (2003) as lacking empirical validation and verifiability, nonetheless analysis of the Transference is still viewed as being a fundamental and potent aspect psychoanalytic therapy, which allows the client to experience and express in a very vivid way those unresolved feelings, thoughts and object relations which may have been deeply repressed, by exploring the clients typical interactions using a here and now approach to patient therapy. It allows the therapist into the clients inner world in order to gather understanding of there unconscious processes. Through acknowledging and implementing the process of transference it allows analysts to support there patients in understanding how past events may have shaped there current world as well as disconnecting from issues in their past in order to accept their past as part of their identity without it overshadowing their life and creating problems in the unconscious. As emphasised by Klein (1952), the process of transference is a fundamental aspect within psychoanalytic therapy, because of what it reveals about the clients internal-object world as well as providing opportunities for therapeutic modifications bu modifying the harshness of internalized objects and inner persecutors.. For instance, the client may experience the analyst as the bad object of their past. In such a case it is important that new modes of interpersonal relating are learned, via the analysts ability to provide the client with the necessary counterbalance to the bad objects during the transference, in these conditions early anxieties can be alleviated so therapeutic change can occur. (Daniels, 2003) Providing the correct environment is established, the process of transference can become a very useful analytical tool. For instance, in situations where a child has been neglected or even severely abused by their parents, providing a safe setting for this individual may allow them to project their negative feelings towards their parents onto the therapist. By the therapist being neither abusive nor neglectful in response to the client, and instead providing the client with a stable and accepting relationship in which they are viewed very importantly, it allows the client to come to terms with and express there true feelings towards their parents, which were far to dangerous to articulate in there previous setting. Once these have been expressed the patient is likely to feel much more relieved. It is clear that the concept of transference have significantly contributed to the process of psychoanalysis, if a strong transference relationship is produced which is safe for exploration, then transference becomes an essential analytical tool to discovering the unconscious. Outline Melanie Kleins concept of the paranoid schizoid and depressive position in infant psychic development. To what extent does Kleins theory differ from that of Freud? Psychoanalytic theory has been constantly developed since the times of Freud, One key psychoanalyst who diverged away from Freud was Melanie Klein. (1965). by focusing on human relationships as the principal motivational force in life she deviated from the traditional psychoanalytic focus on pleasure seeking behaviour and aggression as the key drives to successful development. Klein (1952) postulated that it is the development during the very primitive months and years of life which is vital in providing the foundation for the character which will continue throughout. Furthermore Klein (1946) proposes that the earliest stage of infantile psychic development is comprised of the successful completion of two distinctive developmental positions, the paranoid-schizoid and the depressive positions. The paranoid schizoid position was postulated by Klein (1946) as occurring at the earliest phase of development. Klein believed at this primitive stage in development, objects can only be perceived as being all good or all bad, which she believed to be a defence mechanism, known as splitting. It is understood that this mechanism is implemented as a part of the infants inherited predisposition to reduce and to cope with any anxiety that they experience, due to the unpredictable nature of the world around them. Klein focused very much on the mothers breast when introducing the idea of splitting. She suggested that at this stage in development the breast can only be seen as two separate objects wither all good or all bad for the infant. Thus the breast can be introjected into the babies world in two ways either as satisfying its immediate needs this would be viewed as the good breast on the other hand the child is also likely to introject breast as being a bad object if it has an unsati sfying feed. The child can not understand that the breast belongs to a whole object and is not separate. If the ego is developed sufficiently then over time good and bad can be integrated by the infant and ambivalence and conflict can be tolerated. This is a sign of the development into the depressive position. This is the stage where the infant begins to recognise that it is not omnipotent and that the mother is a whole object. As the child realises that it is possible to tolerate ambivalence and thus to recognize whole objects that contain both good and bad aspects, it begins to feel depressed in that there is no longer any all good objects but it also feels guilt about the fantasies of destroying the bad object which they now realise is not separate. The depressive position is never fully resolved, and psychological life is a continuing pursuit of compensation for the harm done. Klein is renowned for her divergence from the traditional psychoanalytic ideas introduced by Freud. One of the main differences is apparent when exploring views on development within the first year of life, especially the development of the ego and the superego. Klein differed from Freud in this respect; she did agree that the psychic contained the ID, ego and the superego. However she argued that all components can to some degree be noted from birth suggesting that the superego is in operation much before the end of the Oedipus complex rather than following it as suggested by Freud (1923). Klein also saw the superego as being quite harsh and cruel within the paranoid schizoid position of development before developing into a more forgiving and helpful one in the depressive position. Freud was highly criticised by Jung as well as other psychoanalysts for his huge emphasis on pleasure and sexual drives in the development of infants this is where Klein diverged from Freuds ideas that humans as purely pleasure seeking individuals and instead focuses on, relationships as central to what it is to be human, as well as key to psychotherapy, especially the relationship with the therapist. Klein seems to shift the focus from biologically predetermined stages of development and instead introduces the role that early phantasys play in the formation of interpersonal relations and the understanding of the world. In Kleins usage, unconscious phantasys underlie all thought and activity, whether that is creative or destructive, phantasys are vital to the expression of internal object relations in the analytic situation. Although Freud did recognize the existence of phantasys within development he did not see them as key to development tending to focus much of his attention inste ad on the unconscious. Describe Rogerss concept of the Organismic Valuing Process (OVP). Evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of this aspect of Person Centred theory. One of the fundamental concepts within humanistic psychology is that of the organismic valuing process (OVP). Rogers (1952) refers to this as the innate tendency to automatically select, pursue and seek those situations which fit into our inherent aspirations, in order to lead a fulfilling life. It is a subconscious and biologically driven process which guides people in evaluating new experiences to maintain or enhance their growth potential and eventually reach actualization. In order for this to be achieved it is important that their values are not fixed, but instead experiences are evaluated in terms of the satisfactions which are innately experienced this process is called the organismic valuing process. From birth, children innately respond to their sensory experiences, they will repeat and value those experiences which generate good feelings for them. However it seems as though it is at this stage where difficulties and incongruences are likely to develop. It is very common at this stage, that judgemental and critical messages can be portrayed towards the infant, this is usually through there parents attempt to implement rules of behaviour, consequently this leads to feelings of incongruence between what the infant is experiencing as good, their organismic valuing process, and how this is viewed by others., This can lead to the child internalising the values and beliefs portrayed by others, a process called conditions of worth, this will shape an individual into someone who is cut off from their own sense of worth and value this can become a vicious cycle as they begin to behave in ways which they feel is expected of them and not to there true organismic feelings, this is believed to prevent all personal growth for the individual. As the individual grows older this valuing process is essential if they are to achieve self actualization, under favourable circumstances it allows the development of an optimum self-esteem and an accurate sense of who the person really is as well as who they would ideally like to become. This gives the individual clear goals which they can work towards in order to reach self actualization. It is inevitably that life is never this simple and everyone faces high demands and responsibilities within there everyday life which can alter what they choose to do, as they feel responsibility for certain jobs and situation which can shift the person away from their organismic valuing process. At first glance the idea of an organismic valuing process, where individuals can rely freely on the evidence of their own senses to make value judgments, seems to be a very appealing and positive outlook. However it is also viewed by those such as Cofer Appley (1964) as a very naÃÆ' ¯ve and overly optimistic interpretation of human nature. It is very questionable that all humans have an innate drive to do good. A lot of criticism towards Rogers approach has centered around its failure to provide insight into the evil side of human nature such as criminals and violent people who do not seem to be functioning in this innately positive way, On the other hand it has been suggested by those such as Myers (2000) that there may in fact be such a skill as an organismic valuing process, when analysing self reports on peoples views of their lives, most people reported feeling happy and very satisfied with their lives, this research suggests that although it may seem, overly optimistic to t hink that people strive for good it also seems as though people are very good at reaching and striving towards a stage where they are very satisfied with there lives. A further criticism of the organismic value processing is that there is inadequate empirical research to support its premises. It is very difficult to define and measure such a subjective concept scientifically, therefore the concept lacks empirical evidence, therefore the theory has to be criticized for not providing substantial evidence for its assumptions. Although it is heavily criticized for its lack of empirical evidence there have been attempts to investigate the organismic valuing process such as by Sheldon et al (2003) by investigating the way in which people change their goal choices over time, to investigate if people tend to change their goals, they found that people tend to move away from those goals which are extrinsic in nature and move towards intrinsic goals suggesting that there is such a thing as OVP. They concluded that people may have a positive bias toward changing their minds in directions most likely to be SWB enhancing List three behavioural interventions that might be used in cognitive-behavioural therapy, explain the theoretical rationale for using these techniques and explain how they might operate to facilitate client change Cognitive behavioural therapy is a key treatment in overcoming, anxieties, addictions and phobias. It is increasingly used by clinicians as an empirically valid way to treat clients, by focusing on the problem in the here and now. Instead of investigating the past as a cause of these problems rather it looks for ways to improve your state of mind now, for this reason it is becoming more popular in the therapeutic world. Furthermore behavioural interventions are seen as core aspects of CBT and are seen as vital to assist the client in reducing the frequency as well as eliminating any unwanted or maladaptive behaviours. There are various forms of behavioural intervention and the one used will depend on the circumstances of the client. One key behavioural intervention is, Systematic Desensitisation which was introduced by Wople (1958) this is a therapeutic intervention which focuses its attention on the process of relaxation in overcoming phobias and anxiety disorders. It aims to reduce the link between the distressing situation/object and the subsequent feeling of anxiety which can be inhibiting to the clients ability to function and manage there everyday life. The process involves substituting the previous response to a feared stimulus for example public speaking with a contradictory message, such as relaxation which is introduced by the therapist step by step. Over time this will lead to the positive reactions to the situation therefore diminishing or hopefully eradicating the negative responses all together This behavior modification technique of systematic desensitization, which is founded on the principles of classical conditioning, can be used to facilitate client change in some of the most common fears such as public speaking. In this situation the therapist can facilitate change by introducing the client to three key techniques. The initial process will involve progressive relaxation training , a technique initially perfected by Edmund Jacobson during the 1930s. The next stage would involve the client ordering anxiety provoking situations into a hierarchy ranging from very anxiety provoking i.e performing in a theatre, to low anxiety provoking i.e performing to one person. The client can thus move through the hierachy by pairing the activity with the relaxation techniques learned previously. Thus, a gradual desensitization occurs, with relaxation replacing alarm. Another behavioral intervention which is implemented by therapists as well as teachers and trainers is social skills training (SST) used to help those who have difficulties relating to other people. This is a key process in improving peoples well being, a person who lacks these essential social skills can have great difficulty when communicating in everyday life this can lead to social isolation. It is in these situations when Social skills training can become an essential behavioral intervention. The therapist begins by dismantling these complex social behaviors into manageable chunks. In order of difficulty, and then to gradually introduce them to the patients, so they can learn in a manageable way the social skills required to become more integrated into society. How the specific behaviour  intervention you describe e.g. a behavioural experiment, systematic desensitisation  would be seen by a behaviourist therapist as helpful in bringing about a change in  the clients behaviour i.e. what are the processes and mechanisms thought to be  involved? Social skills training is a process which focuses on teaching the patients ways to avoid those social situation which may affect there behavior in a negative way for example for an alcoholic it is important to establish the behavior for drinking at parties where alcohol is served, or when they find themselves in other situations in which others may pressure them to drink. The SST would view the This can be very influential as part of the process of preventing the alcoholic from continuing with such behavior. A key behavioral intervention involves Reinforcement techniques focusing on operant conditioning It is theorized therefore that human behaviour is both learned and governed by its antecedents and its consequences. Simply put, children are more likely to learn and retain behaviours for which they receive positive reinforcement (reward) and are less likely to learn The first process in being able to facilitate client change is to carry out a functional analysis in order to understand which conditions are responsible for maintaining the behaviour, why and when the behaviour occurs This is a process in which the therapist is required to carry out a detailed assessment which can identify the complex patterns of behaviour which are involved in the behaviour which needs to be solved Functional assessments are used to identify the most powerful reinforcement, after these have been established the therapist can then intervenes to assist client in changing these conditions Interventions are designed to achieve long term, generalised behaviour change in target and related skill areas (McGahan, 2001). The aim is to modify reinforcement schedules to increase the desired behaviour and decrease the undesired behaviour These behavioural interventions are useful ways to prevent the persistence of negative behaviours within cognitive behavioural therapy in an ethical way unlike those interventions such as aversion therapy.

What is the strategic of human resource management in boots?

What is the strategic of human resource management in boots? WHAT IS THE STRATEGIC IMPORTANCE OF HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT IN BOOTS (WATERLOO)? WHAT IS HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT (HRM) It is the function within an organization that focuses on recruitment of, management of and providing direction for the people who work in the organization is called Human Resource Management (HRM). Line managers also can perform human resource management. Administration and training, employee motivation, benefits, communication, wellness, organizational development, safety, performance management, hiring, compensation, these all issues are related to people and dealt by organizational function named human resource management (HRM). William R. Tracy, in the Human Resource Glossary defines human resource management as: ‘‘the people that staff and operate an organization.as contrasted with the financial and material resources of an organization. The organizational function that deals with the people. HR POLICY Every members of an organization must follows a format statement of a principle or rule, is called policy. And how to carry out or implement a policy by the members is called procedure. There are differences between policy and procedure. Policies are written statements or rules and procedures are written instructions. Source: How to identify your organization training needs By John Mc Connel ‘2004 (page 15-50) An organization establishes a system of codified decision which is HR policies. Performance management, employee relations, administrative functions, resource planning are supported by the HR policies. Acceptable and unacceptable behaviour, nature of an organization, procedure of work in the organization, etc are explained and described by HR policies. Management is making decisions about people and then the policies act as the reference points. Source: A handbook of Human Resource practice, 9th Edition By Michael Armstrong, 2003. (Page 15) LITTERATURE REVIEW WHAT IS STRATEGIC HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT (SHRM) There are some branches of human resource management (HRM) and strategic human resource management is one of the branches. Among the present discipline of HRM it is a new branch. People-centred values of HR and corporate strategies are belonged to that SHRM territory. Source: Int. J. of Human Resource Management 16:5 May 2005 633-659 By Trichy, Fombrun andDevanna (1982), Fombrun, Tichy and Devanna (1984),Miles and Snow (1984),Walton (1985), Schuler and Jackson (1987a,b), Delery and Shaw (2001),Wright et al. (2001). The SHRM can also be defined in different way. In order to improve business performance and develop organizational culture, competitive advantage, human resource and strategic goals are very important. SHRM of an organization means to take all the decisions according to the strategic view and implement the decisions through recruiting, selecting, training and rewarding. Source: Int. J. Of Human Resource Management (page 633-659) How SHRM differs from HRM HR functions were having increasing awareness for softer people-centred values and hard world of real business in the last two decades. So that to understand how the business is running day to day the HR policies are acting very closely. For those reason standard practices of traditional management of people is preferred less than the strategic management of people by many writers in the late 1980s. Long-term objectives with human resource programmes are focused on by the strategic human resource management (SHRM). In the long run people management programmes are affected by focusing on addressing and solving problems, instead of focusing on internal human resource issues. By giving more priority on business obstacles of outside the human resources we can increase employee productivity if we implement the primary goal of strategic human resources. To improve the employee productivity, performance and motivation for the long run the strategic human resource managers need to identify the HR areas where strategies can be implemented primarily. For that human resource management and the top management of a company always need to communicate to be the best strategic human resource management (SHRM). Wright and Mc Mahan defined strategic human resource management (SHRM) as ‘‘the pattern of planned human resource deployments and activities intended to enable an organization to achieve its goals (1992: 298). Delery and Shaw (2001) think that there are two main differences. By following the SHRM policies now a day the business the businesses are performing highly and this is the reason for the employees becoming the source of sustainable competitive advantage (Lawler, 1992, 1996; Levin, 1995; Pfeiffer, 1998). Source: Academy of Management Journal 2005, Vol.48, no.1, 135-145 KEY FEATURE OF STRATEGIC HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT Between organizational strategic aims the environment and HR policy and practices there is a very important relation. There are some specific areas where strategic human resource management can be focused: Human resource accounting, which attempts to assign value to human resources in an effort to quantify this organizational capacity (Flamholtz, 1971; Frantzreib, Lanau, Lundberg, 1977), Human resource planning (Baird, Meshoulam, Degive, 1983; Galosy, 1983; Olian Rynes, 1984; Russ,1982; Stumpf Hanrahan, 1984), Response to a strategic change in the environment (Ellis, 1982) Source: http://ezinearticles.com/?What-is-Strategic-Human-Resource-Management?id=549585 Hoofer Schendel (1978) said, ‘‘competitive advantage encompasses those capabilities, resources, relationships and decisions that permit a firm to capitalize on opportunities and avoid threats within its industry. But Porter (1985) did not agreed with them, he said, ‘‘by lowering costs, by increasing sources of products a firm can achieved competitive advantage with the help of human resource management. And to achieve the competitive advantage, human resource has to do some activities. And those activities are called strategic human resource management (SHRM). THE GOALS OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF SHRM RESEARCH AIM AND OBJECTIVES Using the word ‘‘strategic is very important and different thing for the researchers. Training programmes, selection methods, etc are elaborated in some researches how human resource practices and affect in organizations performance. International competition became tough for the pressure of human resource and other corporate staffing in 1980s (Dyer Reeves, 1995). So that organizational activities got much more importance for total quality management (TQM) and reengineering. And all these happened only for implementation of strategic human resource management (SHRM). SHRM always try to discuss about interlinked HR policies than the single HR policies or practices. Measuring the performance of human resource management (HRM) with the traditional approach, we can achieve only costs and benefits of a single functional area. And adopting the strategic approach of human resource management (HRM) we can get more than about costs and benefits of a single functional area (e.g. Koch McGrath, 1996). Thats why the managers use the SHRM process and use some different human resource practices. Again the term ‘‘strategic in SHRM tries to see how the companies are affected by using human resource management. Source: http://cba.uah.edu/chadwick/Alternatives%20to%20Generic%20Typologies%20Chadwick%20Cappelli.pdf STRATEGIC HRM IN MULTINATIONAL COMPANIES When any company becomes international for expanding their business, they also become very important in the global market. And they play important role in the global market as well. Day by day the strategic human resource management is becoming more recognized and getting more priority in the business environment. And slowly failure and success in international business (Stroh and Caligiuri, 1998: Schuler. et al., 2002) are explored in between human resource management a strategic human resource management for the multinational companies. It got emphasise on growth of research on strategic human resource management and the rate of getting attention of researchers becoming higher (Schuler, 2000; Evans et al, 2002). Besides these we need to know about international human resource management (IHRM). If we know about IHRM and SHRM then easily we can distinguish between them. Tailor et al (1996), Schuler et al. (1993) Lado and Wilson (1994) said between IHRM and HRM of a multinational company have some differences. Functions and process, attracting, maintaining, developing all these are the set of a multinational companys HRM system. Source: International Human Resource ManagementA critical Text. By Hugh Schullion Maryaret Linehan (page 22-23) THE IMPACT ON STRATEGIC HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT ON ORGANIZATIONAL SUCCESS Any organizations success depends on how much efforts have been given for the organization. So it is important how the company is taking actions on their mission. Source: http://www2.enap.gov.br/mesa_redonda/downloads/daley_vasu.mpsa02_PPM.pdf CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS In this proposal we had some approaches, like contingency, configurationally and contextual. If we can make a balance among the approaches and how and what they contributed and had limitations, and overlook the minor differences then we can come to the bottom line. In the depth of strategic human resource management the universalistic framework is laid. Through the strategic human resource management is already tested and trusted in many organizations and became successful except some limitations. For understanding SHRM deeply researchers are using more sophisticated techniques for going to the deep sea level depth of SHRM. But its not that this proposal can consider how HRM is structured. The function, defining the main elements and how they are organized are analysed by the SHRM. So that the researchers will get encourage to practice SHRM in the business as like as Cluster analysis. And then we can see there is a barrier between contextual variables of this proposal is not just a c ontingency factor and we can consider that for that reason how the management system can influence their environments. So that the researchers who are following contextual adapted are inductive logic. And all these complement the deductive and mainly quantitative focus of the previous streams. Source: Int. J. of Human Resource Management 16:5 May 2005 633-659 ORGANIZATIONAL ANALYSIS Alliance Boots is the worlds largest pharmacy-led health and beauty retailer. Boots The Chemist UK retail business is the most trusted brand on the high street. It is undergoing major growth that will see 2,300 stores by the end of 2009. The Boot family began trading in 1849, selling herbal remedies from a small store in Goose Gate, Nottingham. The first overseas store also opened in New Zealand in 1936.More recent decades have seen the introduction of brands such as 17 cosmetics and new business ventures such as Boots Opticians. Today, Boots is the UKs leading health and beauty retailer, with the largest share of the OTC market, and it also sells Boots brand products through an international business, which currently operates in 14 countries. Source: http://www.gomadthinking.com/business/managing_change a) What are the products/services are offered There are a lots of products/services are offered by Boots. We can divide them into: Pharmacy, Opticians, Insurance, Photo processing, Quick shop, Beauty, Fragrance, Mother baby, Everyday essentials, Electrical, Toys, etc. Pharmacy: In pharmacy there are different types of services. Such as cervical cancer vaccination service, weight loss programme, Chlamydia screening service, erectile dysfunction service, medical check-up service, midnight pharmacy, Boots health insurance, etc. Insurance: In insurance there are also different services like travel insurance, health insurance, dental insurance, child trust fund, etc. Photo processing : In processing there are also some services like photo prints, photo books, calendars diaries, cards stationery, wall decor, home gifts, fun stuff, gifts for the kids, etc. Beauty: Premium beauty, the beauty boutique, make up, skin care, body care, sun care, hair, etc. b) In which international markets are they offered Today, Boots is the UKs leading health and beauty retailer, which currently operates in 14 countries. We can divide the continents into four parts. Thailand from Asia, USA Canada from north America, Kuwait UAE from middle east, Norway, Romania, Russia from Europe Source: http://www.gomadthinking.com/business/managing_change QUESTIONARY 1) Question to the Store manager (Waterloo St): In which purposes Human Resource strategic plans serve? Answer: Approximately half of the organizations we talked to have developed separate Human Resources strategic plans. These plans generally serve one of two purposes. Either they provide direction for those agencies that have not integrated HRM into the organizations strategic plan, or they are used as implementation plans which support organization wide HRM goals, strategies, and measures. These plans are particularly important to those organizations that do not integrate HRM into the organizations wide plan because it helps them map out where they want the HR program to go. They seem less important to many of the organizations that have thoroughly integrated HRM into the organizations plan. For example, the Social Security Administration (SSA) has not developed a specific HR strategic plan because HRs goals and measures are part of the organization wide approach. Then, there are some organizations that integrate HR extensively into the organizations plan, but still prefer to have a separate HR operational plan supporting the organizations wide plan, as is often done by other corporate functions such as information technology and financial management. 2) Question to the Store manager (Waterloo St): What are HRs contributions toward mission accomplishment? Answer: HRs most valued contributions are the areas need the most improvement: recruitment and staffing, employee development, and employee relations. It would be extremely difficult to get the jobs done without the help of HR provides. 3) Question to the Team manager (Waterloo St): What is important to increasing organizations overall ability to achieve their missions? Answer: In this time of budget cuts, downsizing, and an aging Federal workforce, workforce planning becomes extremely important to increasing organizations overall ability to achieve their missions. Although few organizations have strong workforce planning systems in place, some are beginning to take steps in this direction. 4) Question to the Team manager (Waterloo St): Which information can make the improvements to solve the problems? Answer: HR staffs find that measures from HR strategic plans tend to be more useful than those in the organizations strategic or annual plans, at least at the functional level. HR strategic plan measures tend to focus on internal HR programs, policies, and processes, and can therefore point to deficiencies in these areas. HR officials can then use this information to make improvements to the problem areas. From an organizational perspective, however, the measures are generally not very helpful in determining achievement of HR goals because they are process rather than outcome oriented.

Admirations of Love Essay -- Poetry Analysis

Delight me, tickle my senses, I dare you! To be delighted-- isn’t that something we all wish to enjoy. Taking a walk in Edward E. Cummings’ poem, titled; â€Å"[S]omewhere i have never travelled,gladly beyond†, where he embraces his reader upon revealing a rainbow of â€Å"colour[ful]† techniques-- making my mind dance over hills of wild flowers (Cummings 742). With each new flower giving form to a jumble of abstract emotions, he conveys a more pronounced diction. And though I may color myself a portrait with perfect admirations of love, history has a funny way of telling me differently. â€Å"[S]omewhere i have never travelled,gladly beyond/ any experience,your eyes have their silence: / in your most frail gesture are things which enclose me, / or which i cannot touch because they are too near† (Cummings 742). In the first verse Cummings presents meter, but discontinues this method in the next four verses. When metering the first verse, it sets it apart, --like an introduction to a story-- laying down a path to the rest of the poem. Reading from one verse to the next, we see Cummings’ love for another become unraveled piece by tantalizing piece. His thoughts begin to break down into open words on the page, but still remain embodied within a quatrain structure. Perhaps telling us his love is uncontrolled, but composed. In the first verse, lines one and two are separate from lines three and four with a colon. A colon, in its most simple of ways, separates Cummings’ topics from his explanations. The first two lines of verse one, tells me of a place which he desires to travel, but has never been. The third and fourth lines in verse one describes that destination and why he must not go. In the fourth verse he entices me ... ... and the depth in which he sees her, is his understanding. So where does this leave me now? I have followed Cummings’ path from technique to technique. Even took a closer look through his use of words. Grasping ahold of an image I clearly see, but then questioning my thoughts when reading Cummings history during that time. One thing still remains clear to me; he has admirations of love for this person, and only the innocence behind it-- for me-- remains open for interpretation. Works Cited Cummings, Edward. â€Å"Somewhere i have never travelled,gladly beyond.† Literature An Introduction to Fiction, Poetry, Drama, and Writing. Ed. Campion, Donna. United States: Kennedy X. J., Dana Gioia, 2010, 2007, and 2005. 742. Print. Reef, Catherine. â€Å"E. E. Cummings a poet’s life.† USA: Houghton Mifflin Company imprint, 2006. Print

The Death of My Cat :: Personal Narrative essay about myself

The Death of My Cat This fall, in the bleak and rainy days just after Thanksgiving, two members of my family died. The first, a great aunt, passed on after lingering for years in a nursing home. Her funeral was sad in that the only mourners, other than her sister and the immediate family, were an elderly couple who once lived next door. The other death was my cat, Lady Macbeth, who died alone in a kitty hospital while my parents were away. Lady Macbeth was a remarkable cat. All cat owners think their cats are remarkable, but Lady Macbeth made a lasting impression on everyone she met, perhaps because she was never much of a cat. Lady Macbeth saw herself as a person who for some reason was treated like a cat day after day until it drove her mad. To her dying day she never stopped insisting (quite loudly) that she was NOT a cat and to please stop picking her up and making silly meowing noises and locking her in the basement with an actual cat (her sister Grimalkin). She and Grimalkin were famous largely for the adventures they had while her masters were away. There was the time she stayed the weekend at a friend's apartment and uprooted all of his potted plants. There was the toilet paper incident and the deep fat fryer incident. There was the time she managed to knock over a lazyboy recliner (I never did figure out how she did that one). Her sister usually performed the stunts, but a bewildered Lady Macbeth usually got the blame. She had, as I said, an effect on people. Those who did not like cats to begin with often used Lady Macbeth as Exhibit A. But those with a place in their heart for cats would become more and more fascinated upon each new encounter. She was always frantic, was terrified of the outdoors by day but drawn there by night, would speak directly with humans in a most un-cat-like way, and would make a beeline for any available lap, especially mine. I was very fond of Grimalkin, but still regard Lady Macbeth as my most eccentric friend. It bothered me at first that I wasn't able to make it back to Idaho before she died. What I wouldn't give for one more hour of lap time with Lady Macbeth! But then it occurred to me that I was placing undue emphasis on her final days.